Bubble Gum Invented 1928

By the early 20th century, Americans could not get enough of the new invention called chewing gum invented by Thomas Adams. Dubble (Double) Bubble is the world's first bubble gum. It and bubble gum for that cause, was invented in 1928 by a 23 year old Fleer Chewing Gum Company accountant named Walter E. Diemer (1904-1998). It was a lesser amount of stickiness than the standard chewing gum. However it still stretched more easily. Mr. Diemer, saw the potential and by using salt water taffy wrapping machine helped out more by wrapping one hundred pieces of the formation to test market in a neighborhood candy store. The gum ended up being sold out in less then a day. The gum was sold at a penny for a piece at the time.

Harlem Renaissance Begins 1920

Starting in 1920 to until the 1930 a unique eruption of creative activity among African Americans happened in all fields of art. Beginning as a series of literary debates in the lower Manhattan, Greenwich Village and upper Manhattan, Harlem, which are sections of New York City, this African American cultural movement became known as "The New Negro Movement" and later as the Harlem Renaissance. More than a legendary movement and more than a social revolt against racism, the Harlem Renaissance displayed the unique culture of African Americans and redefined African American expression. African Americans were encouraged to rejoice their heritage and to become "The New Negro," a term coined in 1925 by sociologist and critic Alain LeRoy Locke.

Women Granted the Right to Vote in U.S. 1920

On August 18, 1920 the 19th amendment guarantees all American women the right to vote. Accomplish this objective required a lengthy and difficult fight for the women in American. There were so many changes that American women had to go through in order to get the respect and rights that they deserve. One woman who attended the convention for women’s rights was Charlotte Woodward. She was nineteen at the time. In 1920, when women finally won the vote throughout the nation, Charlotte Woodward was the only member in the 1848 Convention who was still alive to cast her vote. At the age of eighty-one years old, she cast her vote proudly. Votes for women were first seriously proposed in the United States in July, 1848, at the Seneca Falls Woman's Rights Convention organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott.

Georges Claude - Inventor of the First Neon Lamp

The word neon comes from the Greek "neos," meaning "the new gas." Neon gas was discovered by William Ramsey and M. W. Travers in 1898 in London. Neon is a rare gaseous element present in the atmosphere to the extent of 1 part in 65,000 of air. It is obtained by liquefaction of air and separated from the other gases by fractional distillation.

The French engineer, chemist, and inventor Georges Claude (b. Sept. 24, 1870, d. May 23, 1960), was the first person to apply an electrical discharge to a sealed tube of neon gas (circa 1902) to create a lamp. Georges Claude displayed the first neon lamp to the public on December 11, 1910, in Paris.

Georges Claude patented the neon lighting tube on Jan. 19th, 1915 - In 1923, Georges Claude and his French company Claude Neon, introduced neon gas signs to the United States, by selling two to a Packard car dealership in Los Angeles. Earle C. Anthony purchased the two signs reading "Packard" for $24,000.

Women's Fields of Chemistry: 1900--1920

In the first two decades of this century, there was a significant opposition to women in chemistry. However, there were three areas in which women played a very significant role: atomic science, biochemistry, and crystallography. In this paper, we provide suggestions for the appeal of these fields which were all on the fringes of mainstream chemistry. The role of the supervisor/mentor may have been of great importance, a view supported by accounts of the personalities of the Braggs in crystallography, of Hopkins in biochemistry, and of Rutherford in atom science.

science 1900-1920

Nature Conservationism and the Arctic Commons of Spitsbergen 1900-1920

National interests and western ideas about the polar wilderness influenced initiatives taken in the early decades of the twentieth century to protect the natural environment of the Arctic islands of Spitsbergen, today called Svalbard. After a brief outline of the environmental history of the islands, the explanatory significance of a game theory-based assumption about the predicament of nature conservation on common land is discussed by applying it to this historical case. It is the environmental dilemma known as the "tragedy of the commons". Some elements of the western and Scandinavian ideological interpretations of the Arctic nature are introduced as a background to the following discussion of the most significant early initiative of nature conservation in the Arctic: Hugo Conwentz's proposal for the protection of the nature of Spitsbergen of 1914. The conception and outcome of Conwentz's initiative is explained by references to the political, social and ideological contexts of early twentieth-century science and colonialism. In the final section, the post-war development of the environmental administration of the islands is correlated to the political situation following World War I with its many historical contingencies and the breakdown of internationalism in science and nature conservation.